Iron Age Rock Art of the Côa Valley (Portugal): Micro Spaces within the José Esteves Valley

Abstract

This article explores the rock art motifs found on rocks 03, 07, 08, and 19 in the Vale de José Esteves, Côa Valley, providing an experience of encountering different micro­ ‑spaces in the same location. Notable for the abundance and diversity of Iron Age rock art motifs, the Vale de José Esteves can be seen a venue for meetings and reunions. We will present the study of iconography and the methodology used to map the distribution of rock art in the valley. The integration of the 2ArchIS recording system and a GIS enabled us to perform quantitative and qualitative analyses, as well as detailed analyses of the spatial distribution of motifs. With this approach, we aim to contribute to the study of rock art and its relationship with the surrounding environment, seeking a deeper understanding of the cultural landscape, particularly regarding the interactions among humans, ideas, materialities, and the natural environment.